What are dark patterns in user interface design?

Dark patterns in user interface design refer to manipulative tactics that exploit user behavior. These are design strategies that intentionally mislead or coerce users into taking actions they might not otherwise choose, such as signing up for mailing lists, making purchases, or agreeing to additional terms and conditions. The goal of dark patterns is often to benefit the company or service provider, rather than the user, which can lead to frustration and a sense of betrayal among consumers.

For instance, a common dark pattern might involve making a subscribe button more prominent than the unsubscribe button, making it more difficult for users to opt-out of a service. This manipulation can undermine trust and affect user satisfaction negatively, as individuals may feel that their choices are being influenced without their full awareness or consent. By understanding dark patterns, designers and marketers can aim to create more ethical and user-centered experiences.